Hi Harry,
I don't know the size, but will try and find a spanner that fits mine if someone else doesn't provide an answer first.
When it comes to replacing it, I guess you've seen this page:
http://www.seahawk17.org.uk/boatshed/keelcorengrato.htmIt gives some guidance on keel removal and replacement. Graham use to work at the boatyard where he kept Core'n'Grato. We can all take some comfort that even he, presumably with staff discount available, went to a non-marine seller for his new bolt.
I'd only heard of A4 in connection with paper sizes, but found this page which provided an explanation.
http://www.westfieldfasteners.co.uk/Ref_Grades_of_Stainless_Steel.html